An unstable superfluid Stewartson layer in a differentially rotating neutron star

Experimental and numerical evidence is reviewed for the existence of a Stewartson layer in spherical Couette flow at small Ekman and Rossby numbers (E < ∼ 10 , Ro < ∼ 10 ), the relevant hydrodynamic regime in the superfluid outer core of a neutron star. Numerical simulations of a superfluid Stewartson layer are presented for the first time, showing how the layer is disrupted by nonaxisymmetric instabilities. The unstable ranges of E and Ro are compared with estimates of these quantities in radio pulsars that exhibit glitches. It is found that glitching pulsars lie on the stable side of the instability boundary, allowing differential rotation to build up before a glitch. Subject headings: dense matter — hydrodynamics — stars: interior — stars: neutron — stars: rotation